上喷淋上进气喷淋塔换热性能数值研究

上喷淋上进气喷淋塔是降低燃煤电厂烟气含湿量的最合适方案。引入用户自定义函数来解决和揭示ST-UD内部的复杂过程,特别是利用已发表的实验数据和其他数值模拟结果对FLUENT模型进行了验证。在此基础上,进行了正交仿真试验,对操作参数的重要性进行了评价,分析了液滴直径、喷淋速度、喷淋水流量和喷淋水温度四个因素与塔效率和冷凝率两个评价指标之间的关系。通过极差分析,在有限的仿真数据内获得了不同评价指标的最优运行条件。喷淋液滴直径和流量是影响塔效率的主要因素,喷淋液滴直径、流量和温度是影响冷凝率的主要因素。通过趋势分析,探讨了不同操作因素对塔效率和冷凝速率的影响。本文的结论可为其它喷淋塔的性能优化提供参考。     

Micro Solid‐Contact Ion‐Selective Electrode Using a Carbon Nanotube Tower as Ion‐to‐Electron Transducer and Conductive Substrate

Solid contact (SC) ion‐selective electrodes (ISEs) have been recognized as the next generation of ISEs. In this work, the electrical conductivity and mechanical strength of a carbon nanotube (CNT) tower enable it to play the dual roles of transducer and substrate for micro SC‐ISEs. The electrode had a close to Nernstian slope of 35 mV/decade a_Ca2+, a linear range of four orders of magnitude of calcium ion activity (10^?5.6 to 10^?1.8 M), and a detection limit of 1.6×10^?6 M. The simplified fabrication by a one‐step drop casting makes miniaturizing SC‐ISEs and fabricating sensor arrays easier to achieve.     

风载对筒形高耸建筑物定向爆破倾倒过程影响的研究

对烟筒、水塔定向爆破的切口处进行了受力分析,着重考虑风载作用对倾倒力学条件的改变及对倾倒方向的影响,分析了转角、风载、切口大小之间的变化规律,并根据几个实例进行计算和分析。研究结果表明,风载对筒形高耸建筑物爆破倾倒方向有显著影响,风载增大时,偏转角呈线性增加,同时改变了中心轴的位置。计算时应根据建筑物的形状具体计算。     

噪声对大型横流式冷却塔动力特性的影响

本文采用随机数值方法模拟噪声,并用有限元法分析噪声对大型冷动塔动力特性的影响。研究发现,无论是迭加噪声还是调频噪声,都将使冷却塔振动响应超过规定允许值。通过改变冷却塔体横加结构,改善了塔体的动力特性,噪声影响明显减少。     

基于整体易损性的猫头型输电塔抗倒塌能力分析

作为输电线路的主要组成部分,输电塔结构对地震作用非常敏感。本文以中国输电线路中常采用的猫头型输电塔结构为例,开展了输电塔结构整体抗地震倒塌能力分析。以某一实际单回路3个不同高度的直线塔为研究对象,基于OpenSees平台建立输电塔结构三维有限元模型,定义4个倒塌极限状态依据,选取20条远场地震动记录,采用增量动力分析(IDA)方法,得到4个倒塌极限状态依据下输电塔结构的倒塌点,进一步获得输电塔结构的倒塌易损性曲线及其潜在失效杆件,并评估其在不同水平设计地震作用下的倒塌裕度比。研究结果表明,猫头型输电塔的地震损伤主要集中在塔头位置;随着塔体高度的增高,猫头型输电塔抗地震倒塌能力减弱;猫头型输电塔在巨震作用下存在一定的倒塌风险。     

湿法液柱喷射烟气脱硫反应的实验研究

湿法液柱烟气脱硫技术是基于简易湿法石灰-石膏烟气法开发的新型湿法脱硫技术,本套设备在2000-2001年问进行了工业级示范实验运行,得到了湿法液柱脱硫反应的一些基本数据与规律。本文主要探讨了湿法液柱脱硫系统中液气比、吸收塔浆液pH值、烟气温度和烟气中SO2含量等工艺参数对系统脱硫效率的影响规律,并进行了初步的机理分析,为进一步的改进湿法液柱烟气脱硫系统的工艺奠定了基础。     

Normal and typhoon wind loadings on a large cooling tower: A comparative study

Large cooling towers are sensitive to wind effects with their increasing heights and flexibilities. Unlike traditional approaches, which employed Code-defined normal winds to check the loading characteristics, this paper developed a framework for checking the typhoon-induced wind loading on a large cooling tower using Monte Carlo simulations and multi-fan wind tunnel tests. Some distinct characteristics of typhoon winds were compared with those of Code-defined normal winds. Furthermore, wind characteristics of incoming normal and typhoon winds in terms of vertical profile of mean wind speed, turbulence intensity, turbulence integral length scale and power spectrum density of fluctuating winds were well reproduced by a feedback control process of a multi-fan actively controlled wind tunnel. The surface wind pressure distributions of a large cooling tower under these conditions were then investigated by testing a 1:600 reduced scale model. Mean and fluctuating external wind pressures along the circumferential direction under various incoming winds were discussed and quantitatively formulated with eight-term trigonometric equations. Moreover, the cross correlations of wind pressures in the circumferential and meridian directions and correlations with structure base forces, i.e. integral drag and lift forces, were investigated. Non-Gaussian characteristics in terms of skewness and kurtosis of fluctuating wind pressures were also analyzed under two wind climates. Peak factors for modeling extreme wind pressures were examined and compared with those of various models. Finally, the extreme wind loads on a large cooling tower obtained from different wind pressure combinations were compared with peak-factor-theory-based results to identify an appropriate combination for structural design.     

The Galois closure of the Garcia–Stichtenoth tower

We describe the Galois closure of the Garcia–Stichtenoth tower and prove that it is optimal.     

Wave function collapses and 1/n energy spectrum induced by a Coulomb potential in a one-dimensional flat band system

We investigate the bound state problem in a one-dimensional flat band system with a Coulomb potential. It is found that, in the presence of a Coulomb potential of type I (with three equal diagonal elements), similarly to that in the two-dimensional case, the flat band could not survive. At the same time, the flat band states are transformed into localized states with a logarithmic singularity near the center position. In addition, the wave function near the origin would collapse for an arbitrarily weak Coulomb potential. Due to the wave function collapses, the eigen-energies for a shifted Coulomb potential depend sensitively on the cut-off parameter. For a Coulomb potential of type II, there exist infinite bound states that are generated from the flat band. Furthermore, when the bound state energy is very near the flat band, the energy is inversely proportional to the natural number, e.g.,$E_n\propto$ 1/n, n=1,2,3,... It is expected that the 1/n energy spectrum could be observed experimentally in the near future.     

液幕式吸收塔中传质模型研究

对液幕式吸收塔脱硫性能进行了实验研究,研究了烟气流量、循环浆液量、浆液浓度,喷嘴阵列形式等参数对脱硫性能的影响,合理选择装置结构和运行参数时,脱硫效率可达90%以上;提出了液幕式吸收塔中当量传质面积的计算方法,建立了液幕式吸收塔的传质模型,得到了液幕式吸收塔的传质系数关于气相和液相雷诺数及喷嘴阵列的经验关系式。